كيفية اللغة العربية و أسباب انتشارها بعد الفتح الإسلامي و سيطرتها في الأندلس

HOW THE ARABIC LANGUAGE SPREAD AFTER THE ISLAMIC CONQUEST AND HOW IT CAME TO DOMINATE IN AL-ANDALUS (SPAIN)

Abstract

With the advent of Islam in 711 CE, Arabic was to be used as the foundation of the culture and intellectual life in Al-Andalus. It disseminated via religion, education and government and was somehow superseding local Romance dialects as the language of government, literature and everyday speech. This role was played by mosques and Quranic schools in large cities such as Cordoba and Seville, where Quran, Hadith and sciences were taught in Arabic and the rulers of Umayyad established its official use in documents and letters. Migration of the Arabs and Berbers strengthened the presence in all strata of the society making it a common language between the ethnic and religious backgrounds. By the 10th century, Arabic was the language of religion and intellectual accomplishment: massive libraries, translation, and theological, medical and poetry works were produced in Arabic. It was also appropriated by Christians and Jews which showed its cultural unifying ability. In the course of time, it gave rise to its own local dialect-Andalusian Arabic-and left behind a Spanish language heritage in such words as aceite, azucar and alcazar. Arabic in Al-Andalus was therefore not just the language of dominance but of civilization that merged knowledge, art and spirituality and united the East and West through a common humanistic language.